What is lactic acid and what is it used for?
Lactic acid is a type of AHA (alpha hydroxy acid) that has become one of the most wanted ingredients for gently exfoliating the skin without irritating it. If you're wondering what lactic acid is in cosmetics, here's what it's all about: a mild chemical exfoliant that removes dead skin cells from the surface of the skin, smoothes the texture and also... moisturises! It is particularly suitable for sensitive, reactive skin or skin that cannot tolerate more intense acids such as glycolic acid.
But the best thing about lactic acid is that it not only renews skin, it also strengthens its barrier, regulates pH and improves the skin's radiance. It's one of those active ingredients that does a lot with a little, and that you can easily introduce into your routine, even if you're new to exfoliating.
Origin and characteristics of lactic acid
Lactic acid is found naturally in fermented foods and also in milk (hence its name). However, the lactic acid used in cosmetics is usually produced synthetically or from controlled plant fermentations, which guarantees its stability, safety and efficacy.
Natural occurrence and extraction process
It is an AHA with a larger molecule size than other acids such as glycolic acid, so it penetrates more slowly and is gentler for the skin. It is therefore considered an excellent choice for those looking to exfoliate without the risk of irritation.
Difference between lactic acid and lactate
Although we are mainly talking here about its cosmetic use, lactic acid is also naturally present in our body, especially during physical exercise.
Role of lactic acid in the body
Although we are mainly talking here about its cosmetic use, lactic acid is also naturally present in our body, especially during physical exercise.
Uses and benefits of lactic acid in cosmetics
This is where it really shines (literally). In skincare, lactic acid combines exfoliating, moisturizing and pH-regulating properties.
Gentle exfoliation and cell renewal
Helps to remove dead cells progressively and without friction. Improves texture, brightens skin tone and promotes skin regeneration. It is ideal for dull skin, with superficial blemishes or rough texture.
Moisturising and skin barrier support
Has the ability to increase water retention in the epidermis, which helps to keep the skin supple, luminous and without tightness. Provides real hydration, not just a ‘surface effect’.
pH regulator and suitable for sensitive skin
Helps maintain the skin's slightly acidic pH, which is key to skin health. Gentler than other AHAs, lactic acid is an excellent choice for beginners to chemical exfoliation.
Hair strengthening and texture improvement
Also found in shampoos and hair treatments. It strengthens the follicle and adds shine and softness without weighing hair down.
Well-aging benefits and illuminating effect on dull skin
Gently stimulates cell renewal, which helps to reduce fine lines, improve firmness and provide a healthy glow.
Cosmetic products with lactic acid
There are different ways to incorporate this ingredient into your routine, depending on the intensity you are looking for.
Facial cleansers and exfoliating toners
Perfect to start with. As these are products with rinsing or milder textures, they allow for a gradual introduction to lactic acid without the risk of irritation.
Masks, serums and peelings with AHAs
For those who already have experience with exfoliators or are looking for a more intensive treatment. These products tend to have higher concentrations and are applied less frequently.
Fortifying shampoos and hair treatments
Yes, lactic acid can also take care of your hair. It improves texture, adds shine and makes styling easier. It is often combined with strengthening ingredients.
Cosmetics for sensitive or acne-prone skin
The gentle chemical exfoliation offered by this AHA helps to keep pores clear and reduce the appearance of pimples without drying out or disrupting the skin barrier.
Lactic acid is the perfect ingredient if you want to start exfoliating your skin gently and safely. It helps to brighten, smooth, moisturize and strengthen, all at the same time. It's ideal for sensitive skin, but also effective for those looking to prevent wrinkles, blemishes or uneven texture. And thanks to its versatility, you can find it in many formats and adapt it to what your skin needs at any moment.
